How does obesity contribute to Type 2 diabetes?

Obesity contributes to Type 2 diabetes primarily through its role in leading to elevated glucose levels. Excess body fat, especially visceral fat, can disrupt the body's insulin signaling pathways. Insulin resistance occurs when the cells in the body become less responsive to insulin, making it harder for glucose to enter the cells and be used as energy. As a result, glucose remains in the bloodstream, leading to higher blood sugar levels. Over time, persistently elevated glucose levels can strain the pancreas, which produces insulin, potentially resulting in pancreatic dysfunction and the progression to Type 2 diabetes.

Furthermore, obesity is often associated with inflammation and hormonal imbalances, which can also exacerbate insulin resistance and metabolic dysregulation. Thus, managing body weight and addressing obesity is crucial in preventing and managing Type 2 diabetes by helping maintain more stable glucose levels and improving insulin sensitivity.