What does the term “insulin resistance” refer to?

The term "insulin resistance" specifically refers to a condition in which the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin. Insulin is a hormone that allows cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream to be used for energy. When cells become resistant to insulin, they do not absorb glucose as efficiently, leading to higher levels of glucose in the blood. This can ultimately result in elevated blood sugar levels and may lead to the development of type 2 diabetes if not managed properly.

This resistance can be influenced by several factors, including obesity, lack of physical activity, and genetic predispositions. Unlike the condition described in the other choices, insulin resistance involves a dysfunction in how cells interact with insulin rather than an issue related to insulin production itself or an exclusive impact on a specific type of diabetes. Recognizing insulin resistance is crucial for prevention and management strategies, particularly in individuals at high risk for type 2 diabetes.