Which of the following is an effect of hypoglycemia?

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, triggers several physiological responses in the body to combat the decline in glucose levels. One of the most common and notable effects is the rapid heart rate, which occurs due to the release of adrenaline (epinephrine) in response to low blood sugar levels. This hormonal response prepares the body to react to what it perceives as a stressor, resulting in increased heart rate and the mobilization of energy reserves.

The other options, while they can be associated with various medical conditions, do not directly align with the body’s immediate reaction to hypoglycemia. Increased thirst and urination are more commonly linked to hyperglycemia, where high blood sugar levels trigger osmotic diuresis. Frequent headaches can occur in several contexts but are not specifically tied to hypoglycemia as a defining symptom. Therefore, rapid heart rate stands out as a direct and significant response to hypoglycemia.